More Ingredient Substitutions

Allspice - 1 tsp. - Substitute - 1/2 tsp. cinnamon and 1/2 tsp. ground cloves

Apple Pie Spice - 1 tsp. - Substitute - 1/2 tsp. cinnamon, 1/4 tsp. nutmeg and 1/8 tsp. cardamom

Arrowroot - 1 1/2 tsp. - Substitute - 1 tsp. flour or 1 1/2 tsp. cornstarch

Baking Powder - 1 tsp. - Substitute - 1/3 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 tsp. cream of tarter or 1/4 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 cup sour cream or buttermilk (if using this, make sure you decrease the liquid called for in the recipe by 1/2 cup.)

Bay Leaf - 1 whole - Substitute - 1/8 to 1/4 tsp. crushed

Bread - 1 slice - Substitute - 1/3 cup dry bread crumbs or 3/4 cup fresh bread crumbs

Broth, Beef or Chicken - 1 cup - Substitute - 1 bouillon cube dissolved in 1 cup boiling water, or 1 envelope powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water, or 1 1/2 tsp. powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water.

Butter - 1 Cup - Substitute - 7/8 to 1 cup hydrogenated fat and 1/2 tsp. salt, or 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 tsp. salt, or 1 cup margarine

Buttermilk - 1 cup - Substitute - 1 cup plain yogurt, or 1 cup whole or skim milk plus 1 Tbl. lemon juice or white vinegar, or 1 cup milk plus 1 3/4 tsp. cream of tartar